• Rheumatology · Mar 2009

    Multicenter Study

    Risk factors for death and the 3-year survival of patients with systemic sclerosis: the French ItinérAIR-Sclérodermie study.

    • Eric Hachulla, Patrick Carpentier, Virginie Gressin, Elisabeth Diot, Yannick Allanore, Jean Sibilia, David Launay, Luc Mouthon, Patrick Jego, Jean Cabane, Pascal de Groote, Amélie Chabrol, Isabelle Lazareth, Loïc Guillevin, Pierre Clerson, Marc Humbert, and ItinérAIR-Sclérodermie Study Investigators.
    • Department of Internal Medicine, National Reference Center for Scleroderma, Claude Huriez Hospital, University of Lille, 59037 Lille cedex, France. ehachulla@chru-lille.fr
    • Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009 Mar 1;48(3):304-8.

    ObjectivesThis longitudinal study investigated survival, risk factors and causes of death in the multicentre ItinérAIR-Sclérodermie cohort of patients with SSc without severe pulmonary fibrosis or severe left heart disease at baseline.MethodsAt 3-year follow-up, vital status was obtained from investigators or French national death records. Causes of death were classified as SSc-related or otherwise. Data were censored at 37 months, time of death or loss to follow-up, whichever was earlier. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate survival analyses were conducted using the Cox model.ResultsIn total, 546 patients were followed for a median duration of 37 months, representing 1547 patient-years. At baseline, the majority of patients were female, with lcSSc, mean age 54.9 +/- 13.0 years and mean duration of SSc of 8.8 +/- 8.1 years. In total, 47 patients died, giving a 3-year survival of 91.1% and cumulative mortality of 3.04 deaths per 100 patient-years; 17 deaths (32.2%) resulted from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and eight (17.1%) from cancer. Of the 47 patients with PAH at baseline, 20 died during follow-up, giving a 3-year survival of 56.3%. In a multivariate analysis, PAH [hazard ratio (HR) 7.246], age at first symptom (HR 1.052), duration of SSc (HR 1.047 per year) and Rodnan skin score (per one point) (HR 1.045) were associated with increased mortality.ConclusionThis 3-year study observed survival and mortality estimates that were comparable with previous reports. PAH increased the HR for mortality in patients with SSc, justifying yearly echocardiographic screening.

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