• J V White.
• Temple University Hospital, Department of Surgery, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140.
• Am. J. Surg. 1993 Apr 1;165(4):536-40.

AbstractTo collect information on the rapid application of laparoscopic surgery, the National Laparoscopic Surgery Registry surveyed more than 4,000 of the 16,000 currently practicing laparoscopic surgeons. Preliminary analysis of the data has revealed that most of the respondents had been trained in general surgery, but a small percentage were certified only in surgical subspecialties. Surgeons acquiring skills in laparoscopic surgery had various levels of experience ranging from less than 1 year to more than 38 years in surgical practice. Nearly 90% of the respondents attended a laparoscopic cholecystectomy course with hands-on training. In those courses, an average of 16 hours was devoted to animal laboratories for acquisition of skills. Additional training in the form of a preceptorship is being undertaken by an increasing number of surgeons. The future of minimally invasive surgery is being supported by rapid advances in technology. New video systems capable of displaying three-dimensional images and miniaturized fiberoptic scopes are now available. Computer enhanced three-dimensional ultrasound images provide the surgeon with the ability to examine the content and consistency of tissues in addition to their appearance. Advances in mechanical retraction may eliminate the need for carbon dioxide insufflation of the abdomen. Tissue repair using tissue glues or laser-mediated processes may reduce the need for endocavitary suturing. These advances in technology and techniques may reduce the morbidity and mortality of these surgical procedures and, ultimately, improve the standard of care for surgical patients.

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