• Kathleen M Dominguez, A Peter Ekeh, Kathryn M Tchorz, Randy J Woods, Mbaga S Walusimbi, Jonathan M Saxe, and Mary C McCarthy.
• Department of Surgery, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH 45409, USA.
• Am. J. Surg. 2013 Mar 1;205(3):329-32; discussion 332.

BackgroundThoracic needle decompression is lifesaving in tension pneumothorax. However, performance of subsequent tube thoracostomy is questioned. The needle may not enter the chest, or the diagnosis may be wrong. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that routine tube thoracostomy is not required.MethodsA prospective 2-year study of patients aged ≥18 years with thoracic trauma was conducted at a level 1 trauma center.ResultsForty-one patients with chest trauma, 12 penetrating and 29 blunt, had 47 needled hemithoraces for evaluation; 85% of hemithoraces required tube thoracostomy after needle decompression of the chest (34 of 41 patients [83%]).ConclusionsPatients undergoing needle decompression who do not require placement of thoracostomy for clinical indications may be assessed using chest radiography, but thoracic computed tomography is more accurate. Air or blood on chest radiography or computed tomography of the chest is an indication for tube thoracostomy.Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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