• Jun-Hong Min, Jee-Soo Jang, Byung joo Jung, Ho Yeon Lee, Won-Chul Choi, Chan Shik Shim, Gun Choi, and Sang-Ho Lee.
• Department of Neurosurgery, Gimpo Airport Wooridul Spine Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
• J Spinal Disord Tech. 2008 Jul 1;21(5):305-9.

Study DesignA retrospective study.ObjectiveThe aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical significance of, characteristics of, and risk factors for adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) in patients who have undergone instrumented lumbar fusion.Summary Of Background DataASD has been considered a potential long-term complication of spinal arthrodesis. However, the exact mechanisms and risk factors related to ASD are not completely understood.MethodsA total of 48 patients who underwent instrumented lumbar fusion at L4-5 and had minimal ASD preoperatively were evaluated. The patients were divided into 2 groups at follow-up according to the development of ASD defined by radiologic criteria. Through review of their medical records and the radiologic files, the following variables were evaluated in the 2 groups: basic demographic data, body weight, body height, body mass index, bone mineral density, types of surgical approaches, preoperative and postoperative segmental and lumbar lordosis, and clinical outcomes.ResultsASD was found in 30 (62.5%) patients. The variables that showed statistical intergroup differences were the mean age at surgery, the mean difference in the degree of preoperative from postoperative lumbar lordosis, and the proportion of patients who underwent anterior lumbar interbody fusion. However, there were no statistically significant intergroup differences in the Japanese Orthopedic Association score at 1-year postoperatively or at the final follow-up, or in the recovery rate, success rate, and complication rate.ConclusionsRadiographic ASD is relatively common long-term finding associated with instrumented lumbar fusion. However, radiographic evidence of ASD does not necessarily correlate with a poor outcome. Our results suggest that advanced age, anterior lumbar interbody fusion, and the restoration of the preoperative standing lumbar lordosis may have a protective effect against the development of ASD.

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