• Jorge Cervilla, Luis Cartier, and Luis García.
• Neurorradiología Diagnoimagen, Departamento de Ciencias Neurológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile.
• Rev Med Chil. 2006 Aug 1;134(8):1010-8.

BackgroundThe spastic paraparesis associated to HTLV-1 causes degenerative pyramidal tract lesions of the spinal cord and affects cortical-nuclear connections in the brain.AimTo report the findings of magnetic resonance imaging in patients with spastic paraparesis.Material And MethodsA magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spinal cord was performed in 30 patients (24 females), mean age and evolution of 56 and 12 years respectively, with a clinical and virological diagnosis of tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM).ResultsNo patient had abnormal signals in the spinal cord parenchyma. However, an atrophy of the dorsal segment was observed in 87% of patients. Patients with the highest degree of atrophy showed a higher degree of functional impairment. Eleven patients had spinal cord conus atrophy, associated to neurogenic bladder or impotency. In 80% of patients, hyperintense subcortical white matter images in DP, T2 and Flair, mostly bi frontal, were detected. In half of them, small rounded and isolated images were observed. In the other half, eight or more images, generally larger and occasionally confluent, were found. Ten of 12 patients with confluent brain lesions showed different degrees of cognitive impairment. No patient had lesions in the corpus callosus, periventricular white matter, pons, medulla oblongata or cerebellum.ConclusionsMost patients with tropical spastic paraparesis have alterations in brain or spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging. The magnetic resonance lesions are concordant with functional impairment. The characteristics of the imaging in TSP/HAM patients can be helpful in the differential diagnosis of patients with paraparesis.

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