• Shiang-Ru Lu, Jong-Ling Fuh, Shuu-Jiun Wang, Kai-Dih Juang, Shih-Pin Chen, Yi-Chu Liao, and Yen-Feng Wang.
• Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
• Pediatrics. 2013 Jul 1;132(1):e9-e16.

ObjectivesThis study investigated the incidence and risk factors of chronic daily headache (CDH) and its major subtypes in young adolescents.MethodsA field cohort of 3342 adolescents aged 13 to 14 was established in 3 middle schools in Taitung, Taiwan, from 2005 to 2007. Participants without CDH at baseline were annually followed up for 1 to 2 years using the same questionnaires, including the Adolescent Depression Inventory and Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment. The neurologists made the headache diagnoses based on clinical interviews and headache diaries. The person-time incidence rates and risk factors of incident CDH and its subtypes (ie, chronic migraine [CM] and chronic tension-type headache [CTTH]) were calculated by using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsThe cohort completed 5586 person-years (PYs) of follow-up. Sixty-three subjects (21 boys/42 girls) developed incident CDH with an incidence rate of 1.13 per 100 PYs, including 37 with CM (0.66 per 100 PYs) and 22 with CTTH (0.39 per 100 PYs). Thirty-three subjects (52%) had a baseline diagnosis of migraine. The independent risk factors for incident CDH included female gender, acute family financial distress, obesity, higher headache frequency, and a baseline diagnosis of migraine. A higher headache frequency was the only identical risk factor for CDH, CM, and CTTH. A baseline diagnosis of migraine and obesity were significant predictors for both CM and CDH. Female gender was a significant predictor for both CTTH and CDH.ConclusionsIncident CDH was common in young adolescents. Some risk factors for incident CM and CTTH were different.

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