• Haidong Zhu, Julie Chao, Ishita Kotak, Dehuang Guo, Samip J Parikh, Jigar Bhagatwala, Yutong Dong, Sagar Y Patel, Chris Houk, Lee Chao, and Yanbin Dong.
• Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA, USA.
• Metab. Clin. Exp. 2013 May 1;62(5):642-6.

ObjectiveIt is generally recognized that obesity and cardiometabolic risk are more prevalent in African Americans. Kallistatin, a novel tissue kallikrein inhibitor, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Thus, the goal of this study was to examine the relationships among plasma kallistatin levels, adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors in African American adolescents.Materials/MethodsPlasma kallistatin levels were determined in 318 apparently healthy African American adolescents (aged 14-19 years, 48.1% females) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsPlasma kallistatin levels did not differ between males (27.9±11.2 μg/mL) and females (26.8±11.0 μg/mL) (p=0.47). Plasma kallistatin levels were inversely correlated with percent body fat (% BF, r=-0.13, p=0.04), total cholesterol (r=-0.28, p<0.01), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL, r=-0.30, p<0.01) and interleukin-6 (r=-0.14, p=0.05), but positively correlated with adiponectin (r=0.16, p=0.03) and high density lipoprotein (HDL, r=0.17, p=0.02). These correlations remained significant after adjustment for age, sex and body mass index percentiles. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that LDL cholesterol alone explained 14.2% of the variance in kallistatin, while % BF and adiponectin explained an additional 3.6% and 2.8% of the variance, respectively.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates that plasma kallistatin levels are inversely associated with adiposity, adverse lipid profiles and inflammation in apparently healthy African American adolescents. As a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammation agent, kallistatin may also hold therapeutic promise in cardiometabolic disorders.Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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