• Neuroscience research · Sep 2013

    Expression variations of chromogranin A and α1,2,4 GABA(A)Rs in discrete limbic and brainstem areas rescue cardiovascular alterations.

    • Ennio Avolio, Rosa Maria Facciolo, Raffaella Alò, Maria Mele, Antonio Carelli, Alessia Canonaco, Lucia Mosciaro, Giuseppe Talani, Giovanni Biggio, Enrico Sanna, Sushil K Mahata, and Marcello Canonaco.
    • Comparative Neuroanatomy Laboratory, University of Calabria, Ponte P. Bucci 4B, 87030 Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy; Health Center srl, via Alimena 6, 87100 Cosenza, Italy; VA San Diego Healthcare System/Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0838, USA.
    • Neurosci. Res. 2013 Sep 1;77(1-2):8-15.

    AbstractRecent interferences of hemodynamic functions via modified brain neuronal mechanisms have proven to be major causes of dementia and sleeping disorders. In this work, cerebral expression differences of the neuroactive vesicular chromogranin A (CgA) and distinct α GABA(A)R subunits were detected in the facultative hibernating hamster. In particular, damaged neuronal fields of hypotensive torpor (TORP) state were correlated to elevated CgA and GABA(A)R α1, α4 mRNA levels in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN), central amygdalar nucleus (CeA) plus solitary tractus nucleus (NTS). Conversely, few neurodegeneration signals of hypertensive arousal (AROU) state, accounted for mostly lower CgA levels in the same areas. This state also provided increased α2-containing sites in amygdala, hippocampal and NTS neurons together with elevated α4-containing receptors in the periventricular hypothalamic nucleus (Pe). Interestingly in our hibernating model, CgA appeared to preferentially feature inhibitory neurosignals as indicated by preliminary perfusion of amygdalar sites with its highly specific antihypertensive derived peptide (catestatin) promoting GABA-dependent sIPSCs. Overall, evident neuronal damages plus altered expression capacities of CgA and α1-, α2-, α4-GABA(A)Rs in CeA, Pe, PVN as well as NTS during both hibernating states corroborate for the first time key molecular switching events guaranteeing useful cardiovascular rescuing abilities of neurodegenerative disorders.Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd and the Japan Neuroscience Society. All rights reserved.

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