• Robert R Leverence, Robert L Williams, Michael Potter, Douglas Fernald, Mark Unverzagt, Wilson Pace, Bennett Parnes, Elvan Daniels, Betty Skipper, Robert J Volk, Anthony E Brown, Robert L Rhyne, and PRIME Net Clinicians.
• PRIME Net Consortium, Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, USA.
• J Am Board Fam Med. 2011 Sep 1;24(5):551-61.

IntroductionPatients with chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) are common and have a high degree of morbidity. Previous studies document clinician frustration and variability in CNCP management. We conducted this study to gather in-depth clinicians' views about factors that affect management of CNCP.MethodsWe conducted a survey in the Primary Care MultiEthnic Network, a consortium of PBRNs of primary care clinicians practicing in low-income, medically underserved communities, and in a network of private primary care offices.ResultsOf 792 clinicians surveyed, 497 (63%) participated. Responses and accompanying narrative comments clustered around 5 themes: (1) barriers to and uncertainties in optimal management; (2) the complex biopsychosocial nature of CNCP; (3) seriousness of prescription opioid abuse; (4) effort and burden required to properly manage CNCP; and (5) clinician commitment to provide care for CNCP patients and benefits of expanded care model for CNCP. One-third reported a severe outcome (death or life-threatening event) in a CNCP patient for whom they had prescribed opioids. Roughly one-third do not initiate prescribing of opioids.ConclusionsGuidelines and increased continuing medical education alone are unlikely to be the solutions to the challenges of CNCP management. Increased evidence for recommendations and resources for more comprehensive care management are needed.

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