• Ken Nagao.
• Department of Cardiology, Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care, Surugadai Nihon University Hospital 1-8-13, Nihon University School of Medicine, Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8309, Japan. kennagao@med.nihon-u.ac.jp
• Curr Opin Crit Care. 2009 Jun 1;15(3):189-97.

Purpose Of ReviewConventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by bystanders with chest compressions and mouth-to-mouth ventilation has been documented to save life. Nevertheless, despite four decades of promulgation, it is a serious problem that the majority of bystanders are unwilling or unable to perform conventional CPR. I review the efficacy of chest compression-only cardiocerebral resuscitation (CCR) for all adult patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.Recent FindingsRecent observational studies showed that chest compression-only CCR by bystanders was equivalent or superior to conventional CPR in adult patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in terms of neurological benefits. In 2008, the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care committee recommended that bystanders who witness a sudden collapse in an adult should give chest compressions without ventilations (chest compression-only CCR; hands-only CPR). Furthermore, an observational study showed that chest compression-only CCR by emergency medical services personnel was a preferable approach to advanced cardiovascular life support for adult patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.SummaryTo save more lives, I hope that compression-only CCR by citizen is generally, known, recommended, and taught to the public, because chest compression-only CCR by citizen is the preferable approach to basic life support for adult victims with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

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