• Benjamin Menahem, Andrea Mulliri, Audrey Fohlen, Lydia Guittet, Arnaud Alves, and Jean Lubrano.
• Department of Digestive Surgery, University Hospital of Caen, Caen Cedex, France.
• HPB (Oxford). 2015 Oct 1; 17 (10): 857-62.

BackgroundThe objective of this study was to review the available prospective, randomized, controlled trials to determine whether an early (ELC) or a delayed (DLC) approach to a laparoscopic cholecystectomy is associated with an increase in length of hospitalization after acute cholecystitis.MethodsMedline, the Cochrane Trials Register and EMBASE were searched for prospective, randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) comparing ELC versus DLC, published up to May 2014. A meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.0.ResultsNine RCTs were included in a total of 617 who underwent ELC and 603 patients who underwent DLC after acute cholecystitis. The mean hospital stay was 5.4 days in the ELC group and 9.1 days in the DLC group. The meta-analysis showed a mean hospital stay significantly lower in the ELC group [medical doctor (MD) = 3.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.95-4.54, P < 0.001]. The major biliary duct injury rate in the ELC group was 0.8% (2/247) and 0.9% (2/223) in the DLC group. The meta-analysis showed no significant difference between the ELC and DLC groups [relative risk (RR) =0.96, 95%CI = 0.25-3.73, P = 0.950].ConclusionDLC is associated with a longer total hospital stay but equivalent morbidity as compared to ELC for patients presenting with acute cholecystitis. ELC would appear to be the treatment of choice for patients presenting with ELC.© 2015 International Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association.

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