• Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Apr 2015

    Elevated circulating levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor in individuals with acute spinal cord injury.

    • Matthew Bank, Adam Stein, Cristina Sison, Annemarie Glazer, Navdeep Jassal, Dayna McCarthy, Matthew Shatzer, Barry Hahn, Radhika Chugh, Peter Davies, and Ona Bloom.
    • Trauma Center, North Shore University Hospital, The North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Manhasset, NY.
    • Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2015 Apr 1;96(4):633-44.

    ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is elevated in the circulation of individuals with acute spinal cord injury (SCI) compared with uninjured individuals.DesignProspective, observational pilot study.SettingAcademic medical center.ParticipantsAdults with acute traumatic SCI (n=18) and uninjured participants (n=18), comparable in age and sex distribution.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresThe primary outcome measure was the plasma MIF levels. Potential correlations were examined between MIF and clinical/demographic variables. The secondary outcome was to determine if other immune mediators were elevated in participants with acute SCI and if their levels correlated with the MIF.ResultsMIF was significantly elevated in subjects with acute SCI compared with control subjects at 0 to 3 (P<.0029), 4 to 7 (P<.0001), and 8 to 11 (P<.0015) days postinjury (DPI). At 0 to 3 DPI, levels of cytokines interleukin-6 (P<.00017), interleukin-9 (P<.0047), interleukin-16 (P<.007), interleukin-18 (P<.014), chemokines growth-related oncogene α/chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (P<.0127) and macrophage inflammatory protein 1-β/chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 (P<.0015), and growth factors hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) (P<.0001) and stem cell growth factor-β (P<.0103) were also significantly elevated in subjects with acute SCI. With the exception of interleukin-9, all of these factors remained significantly elevated at 4 to 7 DPI; a subset (interleukin-16, HGF, stem cell growth factor-β) remained elevated throughout the study. Within individuals, MIF levels correlated with HGF (P<.018) and interleukin-16 (P<.01).ConclusionsThese data demonstrate that MIF is significantly elevated in subjects with acute SCI, supporting further investigation of MIF and other inflammatory mediators in acute SCI, where they may contribute to primary and secondary functional outcomes.Copyright © 2015 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

      Pubmed     Full text   Copy Citation     Plaintext  

      Add institutional full text...

    Notes

     
    Knowledge, pearl, summary or comment to share?
    300 characters remaining
    help        
    You can also include formatting, links, images and footnotes in your notes
    • Simple formatting can be added to notes, such as *italics*, _underline_ or **bold**.
    • Superscript can be denoted by <sup>text</sup> and subscript <sub>text</sub>.
    • Numbered or bulleted lists can be created using either numbered lines 1. 2. 3., hyphens - or asterisks *.
    • Links can be included with: [my link to pubmed](http://pubmed.com)
    • Images can be included with: ![alt text](https://bestmedicaljournal.com/study_graph.jpg "Image Title Text")
    • For footnotes use [^1](This is a footnote.) inline.
    • Or use an inline reference [^1] to refer to a longer footnote elseweher in the document [^1]: This is a long footnote..

    hide…