• Reg Anesth Pain Med · Mar 2009

    Review

    Upper extremity regional anesthesia: essentials of our current understanding, 2008.

    • Joseph M Neal, J C Gerancher, James R Hebl, Brian M Ilfeld, Colin J L McCartney, Carlo D Franco, and Quinn H Hogan.
    • Department of Anesthesiology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA. anejmn@vmmc.org
    • Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2009 Mar 1; 34 (2): 134170134-70.

    AbstractBrachial plexus blockade is the cornerstone of the peripheral nerve regional anesthesia practice of most anesthesiologists. As part of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine's commitment to providing intensive evidence-based education related to regional anesthesia and analgesia, this article is a complete update of our 2002 comprehensive review of upper extremity anesthesia. The text of the review focuses on (1) pertinent anatomy, (2) approaches to the brachial plexus and techniques that optimize block quality, (4) local anesthetic and adjuvant pharmacology, (5) complications, (6) perioperative issues, and (6) challenges for future research.

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