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- W Schummer, C Schummer, and L Reinhold.
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany.
- Anaesthesist. 2002 Sep 1;51(9):726-30.
AbstractThe differential diagnosis of left-sided thoracic central venous catheters is discussed in context with the cannulation of a persistent left superior vena cava. In this case the catheter tip was seen lying to the left of the spine on frontal chest X-ray. In addition to the descending aorta, differential diagnoses are a persistent left-sided superior vena cava as well as other smaller veins such as the left internal thoracic vein, the left superior intercostal vein, or the pericardiophrenic vein. The misplacement of a venous catheter in a pericardiophrenic vein may result in a fatal pericardial tamponade.
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