• Pooja Khatri, Darren Tayama, Geoff Cohen, Richard I Lindley, Joanna M Wardlaw, Sharon D Yeatts, Joseph P Broderick, Peter Sandercock, and PRISMS and IST-3 Collaborative Groups.
• From the Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (P.K., J.P.B.); Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (D.T.); Division of Clinical Neurosciences (G.C., P.S.), and Division of Neuroimaging Sciences (J.M.W.), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland; Neurological and Mental Health Division, The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (R.I.L.); and Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston (S.D.Y.). pooja.khatri@uc.edu.
• Stroke. 2015 Aug 1;46(8):2325-7.

Background And PurposeRandomized trial evidence on the risk/benefit ratio of thrombolysis for mild stroke is limited. We sought to determine the efficacy of intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (IV r-tPA) in a subset of patients with mild deficit in the third International Stroke Trial (IST-3).MethodsIST-3 compared IV r-tPA with control within 6 hours of onset in patients for whom IV r-tPA was considered promising but unproven. Analysis was restricted to subjects randomized within 3 hours of onset with a baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale ≤5, pretreatment blood pressure <185/110, and no other r-tPA exclusion criteria. We compared r-tPA and control arms for primary (Oxfordshire Handicap Score [OHS] 0-2) and secondary (ordinal OHS and OHS 0-1) outcomes at 6 months.ResultsAmong 3035 IST-3 subjects, 612 (20.2%) had an National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale ≤5; of these 106 (17.6%) met the restricted criteria. Allocation to r-tPA was associated with an increase in OHS 0 to 2 (84% r-tPA versus 65% control; adjusted odds ratio, 3.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.24-8.79) and a favorable shift in OHS distribution (adjusted odds ratio, 2.38; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-4.85). There was no significant effect of r-tPA on OHS 0 to 1 (60% versus 51%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.83-4.43).ConclusionsThis post hoc analysis in a highly selected sample of IST-3 supports the rationale of A Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Activase (Alteplase) in Patients With Mild Stroke (PRISMS) trial-a randomized, phase IIIb study to evaluate IV r-tPA in mild ischemic stroke.© 2015 American Heart Association, Inc.

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