• Russell Cerejo, Seby John, Matthew Grabowski, Andrew Bauer, Burhan Chaudhry, Gabor Toth, Ferdinand Hui, and Mark Bain.
• Cerebrovascular Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Electronic address: russellcerejo@gmail.com.
• World Neurosurg. 2016 Apr 1; 88: 182-187.

ObjectiveCryptogenic intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhage accounts for approximately 15% of all subarachnoid hemorrhage cases. Diagnostic workup after negative cerebral digital subtraction angiogram typically includes magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and cervical spine for arteriovenous malformations, tumors, and fistulae. Only a few cases of thoracolumbar spinal vascular malformations have been associated with intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhage.MethodsCase series and review of the literature.ResultsWe found 3 patients at our institution who had nontraumatic, nonaneurysmal intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhage with isolated spinal vascular malformation in the thoracolumbar region. Including our 3 cases, we found a total of 15 similar cases in the literature. Most of the patients were younger, most having concurrent spinal cord symptoms of radiculopathy (27%), myelopathy (20%), or bladder bowel involvement (20%). Most of the spinal vascular malformations were intramedullary or conus medullaris type. Locations of intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhage were mostly isolated to the perimesencephalic area and posterior fossa.ConclusionsIn younger populations presenting with nonaneurysmal intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhage and symptoms related to the spinal cord, evaluation for thoracolumbar spinal vascular malformations must be included in the initial workup.Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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