• Faruk Karaca, Bünyamin Aksakal, and Mustafa Köm.
• Department of Mechanical Education, Faculty of Technical Education, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey.
• Acta Orthop Traumato. 2014 Jan 1;48(3):326-32.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the influence of bone drilling on local bone temperature and bone regeneration and determine optimal drilling speed and pressure in an animal model.MethodsThe study included 12 skeletally mature New Zealand white rabbits, weighing between 2.8 to 3.2 kg. Rabbits were divided into 2 groups and euthanized at the end of Day 21 (Group A) and Day 42 (Group B). The same drilling protocol was used in both groups. Three drill holes with different pressure (5, 10 and 20 N) were made in each rabbit tibias using 3 different rotational drill speeds (230, 370 and 570 rpm). During drilling, local temperature was recorded. Rabbit tibia underwent histopathological exam for bone regeneration.ResultsBone temperature was affected by drilling time and depth. Lower drill speeds reduced the bone temperature and revealed better bone regeneration when compared to the drilled bones at higher drill speeds. Titanium boron nitride coating on the drill bits had no significant effects on bone temperature and structure. Bone regeneration was superior in Group B rabbits that had drilling at 230 rpm and 20 N.ConclusionOur results suggested that lower drilling speed with higher pressure is necessary for better bone regeneration. The optimal drilling speed is 230 rpm and optimal drilling pressure 20 N.

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