-
- Christoph K Hofer, Maurizio Cecconi, Gernot Marx, and Giorgio della Rocca.
- Department of Transversal Medicine, Institute of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Triemli City Hospital, Birmensdorferstr 497, 8063 Zürich, Switzerland. christoph.hofer@triemli.stzh.ch
- Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2009 Dec 1;26(12):996-1002.
AbstractDifferent minimally invasive haemodynamic monitoring techniques are commercially available today and in the recent years they have proved adequate in replacing the pulmonary artery catheter under certain clinical conditions.Moreover, several of these techniques provide additional new parameters primarily related to preload assessment.Therefore, in order to be used in daily clinical practice, the diversity of minimally invasive haemodynamic monitoring requires knowledge of the different techniques, the different parameters provided by the devices and their clinical validity. The aim of the present article is to review the most widely used minimally invasive cardiac output monitoring techniques; emphasize the new parameters available for preload assessment;and propose a modular stepwise monitoring concept.
Notes
Knowledge, pearl, summary or comment to share?You can also include formatting, links, images and footnotes in your notes
- Simple formatting can be added to notes, such as
*italics*
,_underline_
or**bold**
. - Superscript can be denoted by
<sup>text</sup>
and subscript<sub>text</sub>
. - Numbered or bulleted lists can be created using either numbered lines
1. 2. 3.
, hyphens-
or asterisks*
. - Links can be included with:
[my link to pubmed](http://pubmed.com)
- Images can be included with:
![alt text](https://bestmedicaljournal.com/study_graph.jpg "Image Title Text")
- For footnotes use
[^1](This is a footnote.)
inline. - Or use an inline reference
[^1]
to refer to a longer footnote elseweher in the document[^1]: This is a long footnote.
.