• M Fekih Hassen, A Ben Haj Khalifa, N Tilouche, H Ben Sik Ali, S Ayed, M Kheder, and S Elatrous.
• Service de réanimation médicale, CHU Tahar-Sfar de Mahdia, Mahdia 5100, Tunisie; Laboratoire de recherche LR12SP15, Mahdia, Tunisie.
• Rev Pneumol Clin. 2014 Oct 1;70(5):253-9.

IntroductionSevere community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) remains a major cause of death. The aim of this study was to describe the main clinical and bacteriological features and to determine predictive factors for death in patients with SCAP who were admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) in a Tunisian setting.MethodIt is a retrospective study conducted between March 2005 and December 2010 at the intensive care unit of the University Hospital of Mahdia (Tunisia). All patients hospitalized at the ICU with a SCAP diagnosis according to the American Thoracic Society criteria were included.ResultsTwo hundred and nine patients (mean age: 64±16 years, and mean SAPS II: 42±17) were included. Overall, 24% had a bacteriological diagnosis. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most frequently detected. Use of mechanical ventilation was required in 57% of patients and 45% experimented septic shock upon admission. The mortality rate at ICU was 29% (n=60). In multivariate analysis, a septic shock at admission and the use of mechanical ventilation were both associated with death.ConclusionSCAP were associated with high mortality in the ICU.Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

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