• Jen-Fu Hsu, Shih-Ming Chu, Reyin Lien, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, Ming-Chou Chiang, Ren-Huei Fu, Chiang-Wen Lee, Hsuan-Rong Huang, and Ming-Horng Tsai.
• Division of Pediatric Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
• Am J Infect Control. 2014 Jan 1;42(1):23-7.

BackgroundWe aimed to characterize the clinical manifestations and outcomes of patients with Acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).MethodsAll patients with A baumannii bacteremia in our NICU from 2004 to 2010 were reviewed. A matched case-control study was performed by comparing each case of A baumannii to 2 uninfected controls and all cases of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella bacteremia, respectively.ResultsThirty-seven cases with A baumannii bacteremia were identified. Multidrug-resistant isolate was noted in only 2 cases (5.4%), and the overall mortality rate was 8.1%. Compared with matched, uninfected controls, infants with A baumannii were more likely to have had a central vascular catheter (CVC) (P = .009), use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) (P = .021), longer duration of ventilator use (P = .002), and hospitalization (P = .010). Compared with E coli or Klebsiella bacteremia, infants with A baumannii bacteremia had lower birth weight (median of 1,090 g vs 1,300 g, P = .044) and a higher rate of CVC and TPN use (both P < .001) at the time of infection.ConclusionA baumannii bacteremia occurs endemically or sporadically in the NICU, primarily in low-birth-weight infants on TPN use and with CVC in situ. Although A baumannii does not often cause mortality, and multidrug-resistant A baumannii is uncommon, it contributes significantly to longer hospitalization.Crown Copyright © 2014. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

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