• J Pers Assess · Jan 1989

    A comparative clinical investigation of the "How" and "Charlie" MMPI subtypes.

    • K R DiFrancesca and J R Meloy.
    • Mental Health Division, San Diego County Department of Health Services, San Diego, CA. 92101.
    • J Pers Assess. 1989 Jan 1;53(2):396.

    AbstractWe studied the thought and affective disturbance of Megargee and Bohn's (1979) most psychopathological Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) subtypes, the "How" and "Charlie" profiles. 75 subjects, consisting of three groups of How and Charlie subtypes in inpatient and outpatient forensic settings and two control groups, are tested using the Whitaker Index of Schizophrenic Thinking (WIST) and Profile of Mood States (POMS). Results indicate both How and Charlie subtypes have mild formal thought disorder, with the former showing greater variance of thought disorder. Charlie subtypes, however, are more angry, less depressed, more vigorous, and more constricted and defensive than the How subtypes. We conclude that the How subtype needs further actuarial refinement to be diagnostically useful.

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