• Sara K Pasquali, Eric Yow, Lisa K Jennings, and Jennifer S Li.
• Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC 27715, USA. sara.pasquali@duke.edu
• Congenit Heart Dis. 2010 Nov 1;5(6):552-5.

ContextIn adults with acute coronary syndrome, decreased platelet inhibition associated with concomitant use of clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors (PPI) has been reported.ObjectiveTo evaluate platelet activity associated with PPI + clopidogrel vs. clopidogrel alone in children enrolled in the Platelet Inhibition in Children On cLOpidogrel (PICOLO) trial of clopidogrel in children with a cardiac condition at risk for arterial thrombosis.DesignPatients 0-24 m randomized to active therapy in the PICOLO trial were included in the present analysis. Platelet aggregation inhibition at baseline and steady state were evaluated in patients taking clopidogrel + PPI vs. clopidogrel only in the overall cohort and sub-group of clopidogrel responders.ResultsA total of 49 patients were included (44 clopidogrel only, five clopidogrel + PPI); median age 38 days (interquartile range [IQR] 17-157 days). The majority of patients in each group had undergone systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt. Compared with the clopidogrel group, patients in the clopidogrel + PPI group had a trend toward lower percent inhibition of maximum extent of platelet aggregation overall (median 6%, IQR 0-44% vs. 49%, IQR 19-63%, P= 0.09), and a significant reduction in the clopidogrel responders sub-group (median 25%, IQR 3-45% vs. 53%, IQR 38-65%, P= 0.04). There was no difference in percent inhibition of rate of platelet aggregation.ConclusionsConcomitant use of PPI + clopidogrel may be associated with decreased platelet inhibition in children with cardiac disease. Further study in a larger population and assessment of associated clinical outcomes is warranted.© 2010 Copyright the Authors. Congenital Heart Disease © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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