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Journal of critical care · Apr 2016
The concept of a surrogate is ill adapted to intensive care: Criteria for recognizing a reference person.
- Jean-Philippe Rigaud, Jean-Baptiste Hardy, Nicolas Meunier-Beillard, Hervé Devilliers, Fiona Ecarnot, Corinne Quesnel, Stéphanie Gelinotte, Pierre-Louis Declercq, Jean-Pierre Eraldi, François Bougerol, and Quenot Jean-Pierre JP Department of Intensive Care, François Mitterrand University Hospital, 21079 Dijon, France; INSERM CIC 1432, Clinical Epidemiology, University of Bu.
- Department of Intensive Care, Dieppe General Hospital, 76202 Dieppe, France. Electronic address: JRigaud@ch-dieppe.fr.
- J Crit Care. 2016 Apr 1; 32: 89-92.
PurposeIn the intensive care unit (ICU), caregivers may find it difficult to identify a suitable person in the patient's entourage to serve as a reference when there is no official surrogate.MethodsWe developed a 12-item questionnaire to identify factors potentially important for caregivers when identifying a reference person. Each criterion was evaluated as regards its importance for the role of reference. Responses were on a scale of 0 (not important) to 10 (extremely important). We recorded respondent's age, job title, and number of years' ICU experience. The questionnaire was distributed to all health care professionals in 2 French ICUs.ResultsAmong 144 staff, 128 were contacted; 99 completed the questionnaire (77% response rate; 20 physicians [11 residents], 51 nurses, 28 nurse's aides). Items classed as most important attributes for a reference person were knowledge of patient's wishes and values, emotional attachment, adequate understanding of the clinical history, and designation as a surrogate before admission. There were no significant differences according to respondent's age, job title, or experience.ConclusionCaregivers identify a reference person based on criteria such as knowledge of the patient's wishes, emotional bond with the patient, an adequate understanding of the clinical history, and designation as surrogate before admission.Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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