• Neena Duggal, Vineela Poddatoori, Vineela Poddatorri, Sara Noroozkhani, R Iram Siddik-Ahmad, and Aaron B Caughey.
• Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, California 95128, USA. neena.duggal@hhs.sccgov.org
• Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Jul 1;122(1):79-84.

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether supplemental perioperative oxygen decreases surgical site wound infections or endometritis.Study DesignThis was a prospective, randomized trial. Patients who were to undergo cesarean delivery were recruited and randomly allocated to either 30% or 80% oxygen during the cesarean delivery and for 1 hour after surgery. The obstetricians and patients were blinded to the concentration of oxygen used. Patients were evaluated for wound infection or endometritis during their hospital stay and by 6 weeks postpartum. The primary end point was a composite of either surgical site infection or endometritis.ResultsEight hundred thirty-one patients were recruited. Of these, 415 participants received 30% oxygen perioperatively and 416 received 80% oxygen. The groups were well matched for age, race, parity, diabetes, number of previous cesarean deliveries, and scheduled compared with unscheduled cesarean deliveries. An intention-to-treat analysis was used. There was no difference in the primary composite outcome (8.2% in women who received 30% oxygen compared with 8.2% in women who received 80% oxygen, P=.89), no difference in surgical site infection in the two groups (5.5% compared with 5.8%, P=.98), and no significant difference in endometritis in the two groups (2.7% compared with 2.4%, P=.66), respectively.ConclusionWomen who received 80% supplemental oxygen perioperatively did not have a lower rate of a surgical site infection or endometritis as compared with women who received 30% supplemental oxygen concentration.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, www.clincaltrials.gov, NCT00876005.Level Of EvidenceI.

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