• I Afifi, S Elazzazy, Y Abdulrahman, and R Latifi.
• Trauma Section, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar.
• Eur J Trauma Emerg S. 2013 Jun 1;39(3):203-13.

BackgroundNutrition support has undergone significant advances in recent decades, revolutionizing the care of critically ill and injured patients. However, providing adequate and optimal nutrition therapy for such patients is very challenging: it requires careful attention and an understanding of the biology of the individual patient's disease or injury process, including insight into the consequent changes in nutrients needed.ObjectiveThe objective of this article is to review the current principles and practices of providing nutrition therapy for critically ill and injured patients.MethodsReview of the literature and evidence-based guidelines.ResultsThe evidence demonstrates the need to understand the biology of nutrition therapy for critically ill and injured patients, tailored to their individual disease or injury, age, and comorbidities.ConclusionNutrition therapy for critically ill and injured patients has become an important part of their overall care. No longer should we consider nutrition for critically ill and injured patients just as "support" but, rather, as "therapy", because it is, indeed, a key therapeutic modality.

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