• Shuo-Ming Ou, Hsi Chu, Pei-Wen Chao, Yi-Jung Lee, Shu-Chen Kuo, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Ching-Min Tseng, Chia-Jen Shih, and Yung-Tai Chen.
• 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine.
• Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2016 Jul 15; 194 (2): 209-17.

RationalePatients with sepsis who survive to hospital discharge may present with ongoing high morbidity and mortality. However, little is known about the risk of long-term, all-cause mortality and cardiovascular outcomes after sepsis.ObjectivesOur study aimed to investigate the long-term clinical outcomes in sepsis survivors.MethodsIn this nationwide population-based study, data from patients with sepsis were retrieved from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database between 2000 and 2002. Each sepsis survivor was 1:1 propensity-matched to control subjects from two different control populations: subjects who were in the general population and subjects who were hospitalized for a nonsepsis diagnosis. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, and sudden cardiac death or ventricular arrhythmia.Measurements And Main ResultsCompared with matched population control subjects, sepsis survivors had higher risks of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 2.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.14-2.22), major adverse cardiovascular events (HR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.34-1.41), ischemic stroke (HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.23-1.32), hemorrhagic stroke (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.26-1.46), myocardial infarction (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.14-1.30), heart failure (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.43-1.53), and sudden cardiac death or ventricular arrhythmia (HR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.57-1.74). Similar results, although slightly attenuated risks, were found when comparisons were made with hospitalized control subjects without sepsis.ConclusionsThese data indicate that sepsis survivors had substantially increased risks of subsequent all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events at 1 year after discharge, which persisted for up to 5 years after discharge.

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