• Asghar Khalifehzadeh, Ahmad Parizade, Abbas Hosseini, and Hojatollah Yousefi.
• Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
• Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2012 Mar 1;17(3):216-9.

BackgroundOral care plays an inevitable role in health and well-being of patients in intensive care units (ICUs). Poor oral care causes colonization of respiratory pathogens and secondary respiratory infections. Ventilator-associated pneumonia occurs in patients on mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours. It results in prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation, mortality and health expenses. The present study aimed to review the effects of an oral care practice on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients on mechanical ventilation admitted in ICUs.Materials And MethodsThis was a clinical trial study conducted in the ICUs of selected hospitals in Isfahan during 2010. We randomly divided 54 patients into the intervention and control groups. Intubation was performed during the 48 hours before the study. The intervention group received an oral care practice along with brushing and the control group received routine oral care twice daily. The incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia was diagnosed through clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS).FindingsThe two groups were compared in terms of underlying criteria (APACHE-II). The incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia did not statistically differ between the intervention and control groups (37% vs. 48.1%; p = 0.41).ConclusionsThe results of the present study showed that brushing and standard oral care practice had no effects on ventilator-associated pneumonia. Therefore, the incidence of such complication might be affected by many different factors.

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