• J-C Richard, A Carlucci, L Breton, N Langlais, S Jaber, S Maggiore, S Fougère, A Harf, and L Brochard.
• Intensive Care Unit, Paris 12 Université and INSERM U 492, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France.
• Intensive Care Med. 2002 Aug 1;28(8):1049-57.

ObjectiveThe new generations of intensive care ventilators tend to be more innovative and sophisticated than previous ones, but little is known about their respective performance for delivering pressure support ventilation (PSV) and how they compare to previous generations.DesignActive lung model bench test.ApparatusTwenty-two commercially available ventilators classified into three categories: new generation ventilators (after 1993, n=7), previous generation (before 1993, n=6), and recent piston or turbine-based ventilators ( n=9).Measurements And ResultsDuring PSV, the unloading efficacy of the assistance depends on the ventilator's ability to meet inspiratory flow demand. Three levels of flow (0.1 l/s, 0.6 l/s, and 1.2 l/s) were used to simulate inspiratory demand and the net area of the inspiratory airway pressure-time trace was calculated over the first 0.3 s, 0.5 s, and 1 s (Area (0.3), Area (0.5), and Area (tot)) with three levels of PSV (5 cmH(2)O, 10 cmH(2)O, and 15 cmH(2)O). To assess the respective role of pressure support delivery and triggering function, triggering sensitivity was assessed independently by measuring the time delay ( TD (tg)) and the pressure fall (Delta Paw (tg)) with two levels of inspiratory drive. All the new generation ventilators exhibited significantly better results than most of the previous generation ventilators regarding Area (0.3) and TD (tg), indicating large improvements in terms of triggering and pressurisation.ConclusionRegarding PSV and trigger performance, the new generation ventilators - but also some piston and turbine-based ventilators - outperform most of previous generation ventilators.

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