• Rev Mal Respir · Dec 2007

    Review Historical Article

    [Tuberculosis in ancient Egypt].

    • B Ziskind and B Halioua.
    • Cardiologue, membre de la société internationale d'histoire de la médecine, Saint-Gratien, France. ziskindb@yahoo.fr
    • Rev Mal Respir. 2007 Dec 1;24(10):1277-83.

    IntroductionDid Tuberculosis plague Ancient Egypt five millennia ago?State Of The ArtSome medical papyri appear to evoke tuberculosis. Egyptian physicians did not individualize it, but they seem to have noticed some of its clinical expressions, such as cough, cervical adenitis, and cold abscesses. In Egyptian iconography, some cases of hump-backs were probably due to Pott's disease of the spine Descriptive paleopathology, born with the 20th century, has identified pulmonary and especially spinal lesions compatible with tuberculosis.PerspectivesProgress of molecular biology has made a decisive contribution with the diagnosis of tuberculosis on ancient samples. Tuberculosis has been identified using PCR in nearly a third of the Egyptian mummies recently examined. Spoligotyping has made it possible to re-evaluate the phylogenic tree of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in Ancient Egypt.ConclusionsTuberculosis certainly plagued the Nile Valley and appears to have been an important cause of mortality in Ancient Egypt.

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