• M Hachicha, M Pouliot, N A Petasis, and C N Serhan.
• Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
• J. Exp. Med. 1999 Jun 21;189(12):1923-30.

AbstractThe impact of lipoxin A4 (LXA4) and aspirin-triggered lipoxins (ATLs) was investigated in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-initiated neutrophil (polymorphonuclear leukocyte) responses in vitro and in vivo using metabolically stable LX analogues. At concentrations as low as 1-10 nM, the LXA4 and ATL analogues each inhibited TNF-alpha-stimulated superoxide anion generation and IL-1beta release by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. These LXA4-ATL actions were time and concentration dependent and proved selective for TNF-alpha, as these responses were not altered with either GM-CSF- or zymosan-stimulated cells. TNF-alpha-induced IL-1beta gene expression was also regulated by both anti-LXA4 receptor antibodies and LXA4-ATL analogues. In murine air pouches, 15R/S-methyl-LXA4 dramatically inhibited TNF-alpha-stimulated leukocyte trafficking, as well as the appearance of both macrophage inflammatory peptide 2 and IL-1beta, while concomitantly stimulating IL-4 in pouch exudates. Together, these results indicate that both LXA4 and ATL regulate TNF-alpha-directed neutrophil actions in vitro and in vivo and stimulate IL-4 in exudates, playing a pivotal role in immune responses.

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