• Bmc Musculoskel Dis · Jan 2014

    Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study

    CASINO: surgical or nonsurgical treatment for cervical radiculopathy, a randomised controlled trial.

    • Sarita van Geest, Barbara Kuijper, Marinus Oterdoom, Wilbert van den Hout, Ronald Brand, Theo Stijnen, Pim Assendelft, Bart Koes, Wilco Jacobs, Wilco Peul, and Carmen Vleggeert-Lankamp.
    • Department of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), P,O, Box 9600, NL-2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands. Cvleggeert@lumc.nl.
    • Bmc Musculoskel Dis. 2014 Jan 1;15:129.

    BackgroundCervical radicular syndrome (CRS) due to a herniated disc can be safely treated by surgical decompression of the spinal root. In the vast majority of cases this relieves pain in the arm and restores function. However, conservative treatment also has a high chance on relieving symptoms. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the (cost-) effectiveness of surgery versus prolonged conservative care during one year of follow-up, and to evaluate the timing of surgery. Predisposing factors in favour of one of the two treatments will be evaluated.Methods/DesignPatients with disabling radicular arm pain, suffering for at least 2 months, and an MRI-proven herniated cervical disc will be randomised to receive either surgery or prolonged conservative care with surgery if needed. The surgical intervention will be an anterior discectomy or a posterior foraminotomy that is carried out according to usual care. Surgery will take place within 2-4 weeks after randomisation. Conservative care starts immediately after randomisation. The primary outcome measure is the VAS for pain or tingling sensations in the arm one year after randomisation. In addition, timing of surgery will be studied by correlating the primary outcome to the duration of symptoms. Secondary outcome measures encompass quality of life, costs and perceived recovery. Predefined prognostic factors will be evaluated. The total follow-up period will cover two years. A sample size of 400 patients is needed. Statistical analysis will be performed using a linear mixed model which will be based on the 'intention to treat' principle. In addition, a new CRS questionnaire for patients will be developed, the Leiden Cervical Radicular Syndrome Functioning (LCRSF) scale.DiscussionThe outcome will contribute to better decision making for the treatment of cervical radicular syndrome.Trial RegistrationNTR3504.

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