• Darrell A Campbell, Michael J Englesbe, James J Kubus, Laurel R S Phillips, Charles J Shanley, Vic Velanovich, Larry R Lloyd, Max C Hutton, Wallace A Arneson, and David A Share.
• Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109-0331, USA. darrellc@med.umich.edu
• Arch Surg. 2010 Oct 1;145(10):985-91.

HypothesisA regional collaborative approach is an efficient platform for surgical quality improvement.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingAcademic research.PatientsPatients undergoing general and vascular surgical procedures in 16 hospitals of the Michigan Surgical Quality Collaborative (MSQC) were evaluated quarterly to discuss surgical quality, to identify best practices, and to assess problems with process implementation.Main Outcome MeasuresResults among MSQC patients were compared with those among 126 non-Michigan hospitals participating in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) over the same interval.ResultsA total of 315 699 patients were included in the analysis. To assess improvement, patients were stratified into 2 periods (T1 and T2). The 35 422 MSQC patients (10.7% morbidity in T1 vs 9.7% in T2 [9.0% reduction], P = .002) showed improvement, while 280 277 non-Michigan ACS NSQIP patients did not (12.4% morbidity in T1 and T2, P = .49). No improvements in mortality rates were noted in either group. Overall, the odds of experiencing a complication in T2 compared with T1 were significantly less in the MSQC group (odds ratio, 0.898) than in the non-Michigan ACS NSQIP group (odds ratio, 1.000) (P=.004).ConclusionA statewide surgical quality improvement collaborative supported by a third-party payer showed significant improvement in quality and high levels of participant satisfaction.

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