• Der-Yang Cho, Chun-Chung Chen, Han-Chung Lee, Wen-Yuan Lee, and Hong-Lin Lin.
• Department of Neurosurgery, Stroke Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China, 404. d5057@www.cmuh.org.tw
• Surg Neurol. 2008 Dec 1;70(6):628-33.

BackgroundThe decision to administer conservative or surgical treatment for putaminal and thalamic ICH is still a controversial issue. This study was undertaken to examine the decision-making criteria for these 2 treatments.MethodsIn a retrospective study, case records of 400 patients with spontaneous putaminal and thalamic hemorrhage who underwent conservative treatment (n = 201) and surgical treatment (n = 199) over the past 5 years were examined. Conservative treatment included hypertonic solution treatment and hypertension control. Surgical treatments included endoscopic surgery, craniotomy, and stereotactic aspiration. Preoperative GCS score and ICH volume were the major evaluating factors, and comparison of the 30-day mortality rate and 6-month BI score was used for outcome evaluation.ResultsIn patients with a GCS score of 13 to 15, there was no difference in mortality between conservative and surgical treatments. At a GCS score of 9 to 12 and ICH volume of less than 30 mL, the mortality rate with surgical treatment (10.5%) was lower than that with conservative treatment (20.0%, P < .05). At a GCS score of 3 to 8 and ICH volume of at least 30 mL, surgical treatment was for life saving. Mortality rates were lower for conservative treatment than for surgical treatment when the GCS score was 3 to 12 and ICH volume less than 30 mL. Endoscopic surgery had a better functional outcome compared with craniotomy and stereotactic aspiration when the GCS score was at least 9 (P < .001 and P < .02, respectively). Those in conservative treatment received a better BI score than those in surgical treatment did when the ICH volume was less than 40 mL (P < .001).ConclusionsIntracerebral hemorrhage volume is probably more important than GCS score in determining treatment. Our nonrandomized data could be interpreted to show that conservative treatment is suggested at GCS score of at least 13 or when ICH volume is less than 30 mL, regardless of GCS score. Surgical treatment could be recommended at GCS score of less than 12 with ICH volume of at least 30 mL for life saving. Endoscopic surgery may improve the functional outcomes because it is less invasive and effectively removes the ICH at GCS score of at least 9.

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