• Christophe Piot, Pierre Croisille, Patrick Staat, Hélène Thibault, Gilles Rioufol, Nathan Mewton, Rachid Elbelghiti, Thien Tri Cung, Eric Bonnefoy, Denis Angoulvant, Christophe Macia, Franck Raczka, Catherine Sportouch, Gerald Gahide, Gérard Finet, Xavier André-Fouët, Didier Revel, Gilbert Kirkorian, Jean-Pierre Monassier, Geneviève Derumeaux, and Michel Ovize.
• Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France.
• N. Engl. J. Med. 2008 Jul 31;359(5):473-81.

BackgroundExperimental evidence suggests that cyclosporine, which inhibits the opening of mitochondrial permeability-transition pores, attenuates lethal myocardial injury that occurs at the time of reperfusion. In this pilot trial, we sought to determine whether the administration of cyclosporine at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) would limit the size of the infarct during acute myocardial infarction.MethodsWe randomly assigned 58 patients who presented with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction to receive either an intravenous bolus of 2.5 mg of cyclosporine per kilogram of body weight (cyclosporine group) or normal saline (control group) immediately before undergoing PCI. Infarct size was assessed in all patients by measuring the release of creatine kinase and troponin I and in a subgroup of 27 patients by performing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on day 5 after infarction.ResultsThe cyclosporine and control groups were similar with respect to ischemia time, the size of the area at risk, and the ejection fraction before PCI. The release of creatine kinase was significantly reduced in the cyclosporine group as compared with the control group (P=0.04). The release of troponin I was not significantly reduced (P=0.15). On day 5, the absolute mass of the area of hyperenhancement (i.e., infarcted tissue) on MRI was significantly reduced in the cyclosporine group as compared with the control group, with a median of 37 g (interquartile range, 21 to 51) versus 46 g (interquartile range, 20 to 65; P=0.04). No adverse effects of cyclosporine administration were detected.ConclusionsIn our small, pilot trial, administration of cyclosporine at the time of reperfusion was associated with a smaller infarct by some measures than that seen with placebo. These data are preliminary and require confirmation in a larger clinical trial.2008 Massachusetts Medical Society

30 keywords...

hide…