• Chengwei Xiao, Jie Lao, Tao Wang, Xin Zhao, Jingbo Liu, and Yudong Gu.
• Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
• J Reconstr Microsurg. 2014 Jun 1;30(5):297-304.

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of different numbers of intercostal nerve (ICN) transfers for elbow flexion and to determine whether age, body mass index (BMI), type of injury, and preoperative delay influence the outcomes. From 2004 to 2010, 32 (30 included) consecutive patients underwent ICN transfer to the musculocutaneous nerve following brachial plexus injury. Elbow flexion strength was evaluated according to the British Medical Research Council (BMRC) grading system. Of nine patients who received two ICN transfers, six (66.7%) recovered with useful elbow flexion compared with 14 of 17 (82.4%) patients who received three ICN transfers. Of the four patients with four ICN transfers, three (75%) achieved useful recovery. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference. There is no significant difference among the outcomes of two, three, and four ICN transfers to the musculocutaneous nerve. Two ICN transfers are sufficient for useful recovery of elbow flexion. Younger patients achieve better results.Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

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