• H Bart Brouwers, Yuchiao Chang, Guido J Falcone, Xuemei Cai, Alison M Ayres, Thomas W K Battey, Anastasia Vashkevich, Kristen A McNamara, Valerie Valant, Kristin Schwab, Susannah C Orzell, Linda M Bresette, Steven K Feske, Natalia S Rost, Javier M Romero, Anand Viswanathan, Sherry H-Y Chou, Steven M Greenberg, Jonathan Rosand, and Joshua N Goldstein.
• Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston2Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston3Hemorrhagic S.
• JAMA Neurol. 2014 Feb 1;71(2):158-64.

ImportanceMany clinical trials focus on restricting hematoma expansion following acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but selecting those patients at highest risk of hematoma expansion is challenging.ObjectiveTo develop a prediction score for hematoma expansion in patients with primary ICH.Design, Setting, And ParticipantsProspective cohort study at 2 urban academic medical centers among patients having primary ICH with available baseline and follow-up computed tomography for volumetric analysis (817 patients in the development cohort and 195 patients in the independent validation cohort).Main Outcomes And MeasuresHematoma expansion was assessed using semiautomated software and was defined as more than 6 mL or 33% growth. Covariates were tested for association with hematoma expansion using univariate and multivariable logistic regression. A 9-point prediction score was derived based on the regression estimates and was subsequently tested in the independent validation cohort.ResultsHematoma expansion occurred in 156 patients (19.1%). In multivariable analysis, predictors of expansion were as follows: warfarin sodium use, the computed tomography angiography spot sign, and shorter time to computed tomography (≤ 6 vs >6 hours) (P < .001 for all), as well as baseline ICH volume (<30 [reference], 30-60 [P = .03], and >60 [P = .005] mL). The incidence of hematoma expansion steadily increased with higher scores. In the independent validation cohort (n = 195), our prediction score performed well and showed strong association with hematoma expansion (odds ratio, 4.59; P < .001 for a high vs low score). The C statistics for the score were 0.72 for the development cohort and 0.77 for the independent validation cohort.Conclusions And RelevanceA 9-point prediction score for hematoma expansion was developed and independently validated. The results open a path for individualized treatment and trial design in ICH aimed at patients at highest risk of hematoma expansion with maximum potential for therapeutic benefit.

16 keywords...

hide…