• M Raschid Hoda and Gralf Popken.
• Department of Urology, Helios Clinics Berlin-Buch, University Medical School of Charité, Berlin, Germany. rhoda@ucsd.edu
• J. Endourol. 2008 May 1;22(5):931-8.

PurposeThe ability to maintain normothermia during surgical procedures is crucial for improvement of the quality of patient care and the outcome of the procedure. We tested the hypothesis of whether one warming protocol is able to maintain normothermic core temperatures equally well in major open and laparoscopic urologic procedures.Patients And MethodsIn this prospective study, 300 patients who were scheduled for open (n=53) or laparoscopic (n=247) urologic procedures were included and received intraoperative warming using a combination of an upper and lower body forced-air warmer and a single warming blanket. Core temperature was measured at baseline, at induction of anesthesia, at the start of the operation, and at the end of the operation.ResultsA significant improvement in core temperature during the operation was achieved in all patients (P<0.001). There was no difference in the end-of-operation core temperature between laparoscopic and open procedures: (36.29 degrees C+/-0.03 degrees C v 36.23 degrees C+/-0.06 degrees C; P=0.224). Further, 23.3% of all patients had a core temperature of lower than 36.0 degrees C at the end of the operation (laparoscopy 23.8% v open 26.6%). Linear regression analysis revealed a correlation between duration of the operation and intraoperative core temperature (P<0.001).ConclusionThe present warming protocol is effective in maintaining perioperative normothermia during major open and laparoscopic urologic procedures.

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