• Brain Behav. Immun. · Oct 2011

    Review

    Peripheral immune contributions to the maintenance of central glial activation underlying neuropathic pain.

    • Peter M Grace, Paul E Rolan, and Mark R Hutchinson.
    • Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. peter.grace@adelaide.edu.au
    • Brain Behav. Immun. 2011 Oct 1;25(7):1322-32.

    AbstractRecent evidence implicates an adaptive immune response in the central nervous system (CNS) mechanisms of neuropathic pain. This review identifies how neuropathic pain alters CNS immune privilege to facilitate T cell infiltration. Once in the CNS, T cells may interact with the local antigen presenting cells, microglia, via the major histocompatibility complex and the costimulatory molecules CD40 and B7. In this way, T cells may contribute to the maintenance of neuropathic pain through pro-inflammatory interactions with microglia and by facilitating the activation of astrocytes in the spinal dorsal horn. Based on the evidence presented in this review, we suggest that this bidirectional, pro-inflammatory system of neurons, glia and T cells in neuropathic pain should be renamed the pentapartite synapse, and identifies the latest member as a potential disease-modifying therapeutic target.Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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