• Diana Yanni, Feyza Darendeliler, Firdevs Bas, Banu Kucukemre Aydin, Asuman Coban, and Zeynep Ince.
• Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
• Cytokine. 2013 Oct 1;64(1):448-53.

BackgroundThere are still controversies whether insulin resistance (IR) develops in preterm born children during early childhood.ObjectiveTo investigate the role of leptin, soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R), adiponectin, visfatin and insulin sensitivity in the pathogenesis of possible IR in preterm born children during early childhood.Patients And MetodsTwenty-nine preterm small for gestational age (SGA) born children (Group 1) and 25 preterm appropriate for gestational age (AGA) born children (Group 2), matched for gestational age and sex were included in the study. Mean chronological age at investigation was 3.3±0.7years and not different between the groups. Blood samples for fasting blood glucose, insulin, proinsulin, adiponectin, leptin, sOB-R and visfatin were obtained.ResultsMean height and weight standard deviation scores (SDS) at investigation were significantly lower in Group 1 than in Group 2, but there was no significant difference in body mass index (BMI) SDS between the groups. Catch-up growth (CUG) was higher in Group 1 than in Group 2. There was no difference regarding homeostasis model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR), leptin, sOB-R, adiponectin, proinsulin and visfatin values between the groups. In the whole group, log visfatin showed a negative correlation with Δweight SDS. There was a positive correlation between HOMA-IR and BMI SDS. Adiponectin levels showed a positive correlation with log visfatin levels in all groups.ConclusionPreterm born children whether AGA or SGA do not show IR in early childhood if BMI is normal. Significant differences between the preterm SGA and preterm AGA groups regarding the adipocytokine levels were not detected.Crown Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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