• M Ross Bullock, Randall Chesnut, Jamshid Ghajar, David Gordon, Roger Hartl, David W Newell, Franco Servadei, Beverly C Walters, Jack E Wilberger, and Surgical Management of Traumatic Brain Injury Author Group.
• Department of Neurological Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
• Neurosurgery. 2006 Mar 1; 58 (3 Suppl): S16-24; discussion Si-iv.

Indications For SurgeryAn acute subdural hematoma (SDH) with a thickness greater than 10 mm or a midline shift greater than 5 mm on computed tomographic (CT) scan should be surgically evacuated, regardless of the patient's Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score. All patients with acute SDH in coma (GCS score less than 9) should undergo intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. A comatose patient (GCS score less than 9) with an SDH less than 10-mm thick and a midline shift less than 5 mm should undergo surgical evacuation of the lesion if the GCS score decreased between the time of injury and hospital admission by 2 or more points on the GCS and/or the patient presents with asymmetric or fixed and dilated pupils and/or the ICP exceeds 20 mm Hg.TimingIn patients with acute SDH and indications for surgery, surgical evacuation should be performed as soon as possible.MethodsIf surgical evacuation of an acute SDH in a comatose patient (GCS < 9) is indicated, it should be performed using a craniotomy with or without bone flap removal and duraplasty.

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