• Gianluca Paternoster, Gianni Rubino, Antonio Balducci, Rosmunda Maiorano, and Nicola Brienza.
• U.O.C. Cardioanesthesia and Cardio-Intensive Care, San Carlo Hospital, Potenza, Italy.
• Blood Purif. 2014 Jan 1;37(1):27-32.

Background/AimsCardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has been thought to promote endotoxin translocation from the gut. Increased endotoxin activity (EA) has been related to a worsening of organ dysfunction, particularly acute kidney injury (AKI). This study aims to determine if CPB could influence EA after cardiac surgery, and if EA variations are associated with renal dysfunction following CPB.MethodsThis was an observational study of patients subjected to complex cardiac surgery, likely to last for >120 min. Blood samples were obtained before, during and after CPB for EA analysis. AKI occurrence defined by the Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria was evaluated.ResultsEighteen patients were enrolled. EA significantly increased after 12 h following CPB. Variations of EA from baseline were significantly associated with variations of creatinine, i.e. AKI.ConclusionComplex cardiac surgery requiring long CPB promotes EA increases that could be associated with variations of serum creatinine and AKI occurrence.© 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.

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