• Timothy C Bailey, Erica L Martin, Lin Zhao, and Ruud A W Veldhuizen.
• Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Medicine, Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 4V2. tbailey2@uwo.ca
• J. Appl. Physiol. 2003 Mar 1;94(3):975-82.

AbstractMechanical ventilation is a necessary intervention for patients with acute lung injury. However, mechanical ventilation can propagate acute lung injury and increase systemic inflammation. The exposure to >21% oxygen is often associated with mechanical ventilation yet has not been examined within the context of lung stretch. We hypothesized that mice exposed to >90% oxygen will be more susceptible to the deleterious effects of high stretch mechanical ventilation. C57B1/6 mice were randomized into 48-h exposure of 21 or >90% oxygen; mice were then killed, and isolated lungs were randomized into a nonstretch or an ex vivo, high-stretch mechanical ventilation group. Lungs were assessed for compliance and lavaged for surfactant analysis, and cytokine measurements or lungs were homogenized for surfactant-associated protein analysis. Mice exposed to >90% oxygen + stretch had significantly lower compliance, altered pulmonary surfactant, and increased inflammatory cytokines compared with all other groups. Our conclusion is that 48 h of >90% oxygen and high-stretch mechanical ventilation deleteriously affect lung function to a greater degree than stretch alone.

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