• J. Clin. Oncol. · Mar 2014

    Clinical utility of a plasma-based miRNA signature classifier within computed tomography lung cancer screening: a correlative MILD trial study.

    • Gabriella Sozzi, Mattia Boeri, Marta Rossi, Carla Verri, Paola Suatoni, Francesca Bravi, Luca Roz, Davide Conte, Michela Grassi, Nicola Sverzellati, Alfonso Marchiano, Eva Negri, Carlo La Vecchia, and Ugo Pastorino.
    • Gabriella Sozzi, Mattia Boeri, Carla Verri, Paola Suatoni, Luca Roz, Davide Conte, Michela Grassi, Tumor Genomics Unit; Ugo Pastorino, Thoracic Surgery Unit; Alfonso Marchiano, Radiology Unit, Fondazione Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori; Marta Rossi, Francesca Bravi, Eva Negri, Carlo La Vecchia, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri"; Francesca Bravi and Carlo La Vecchia, University of Milan, Milan; and Nicola Sverzellati, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
    • J. Clin. Oncol. 2014 Mar 10;32(8):768-73.

    PurposeRecent screening trial results indicate that low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) reduces lung cancer mortality in high-risk patients. However, high false-positive rates, costs, and potential harms highlight the need for complementary biomarkers. The diagnostic performance of a noninvasive plasma microRNA signature classifier (MSC) was retrospectively evaluated in samples prospectively collected from smokers within the randomized Multicenter Italian Lung Detection (MILD) trial.Patients And MethodsPlasma samples from 939 participants, including 69 patients with lung cancer and 870 disease-free individuals (n = 652, LDCT arm; n = 287, observation arm) were analyzed by using a quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction-based assay for MSC. Diagnostic performance of MSC was evaluated in a blinded validation study that used prespecified risk groups.ResultsThe diagnostic performance of MSC for lung cancer detection was 87% for sensitivity and 81% for specificity across both arms, and 88% and 80%, respectively, in the LDCT arm. For all patients, MSC had a negative predictive value of 99% and 99.86% for detection and death as a result of disease, respectively. LDCT had sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 81% with a false-positive rate of 19.4%. Diagnostic performance of MSC was confirmed by time dependency analysis. Combination of both MSC and LDCT resulted in a five-fold reduction of LDCT false-positive rate to 3.7%. MSC risk groups were significantly associated with survival (χ1(2) = 49.53; P < .001).ConclusionThis large validation study indicates that MSC has predictive, diagnostic, and prognostic value and could reduce the false-positive rate of LDCT, thus improving the efficacy of lung cancer screening.

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