• Duc Nam Nguyen, Luc Huyghens, Johan Schiettecatte, Johan Smitz, and Jean-Louis Vincent.
• Department of Critical Care Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit of Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address: namduc.nguyen@uzbrussel.be.
• J Crit Care. 2016 Jun 1; 33: 56-61.

PurposesWe investigated whether high prolactin levels were associated with delirium in septic patients because neuropsychiatric disorders are frequently associated with hyperprolactinemia.Materials And MethodsProlactin levels were measured daily for 4 days in 101 patients with sepsis. Delirium was assessed using the Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale and the Confusion Assessment Method in the ICU.ResultsDelirium developed in 79 patients (78%) and was more common in patients older than 65 years. Prolactin levels were higher in patients with delirium than in those without over the 4 days of observation (P = .032). In patients with delirium, higher prolactin levels were associated with a lower incidence of nosocomial infection (P = .006). Multivariable logistic regression showed that the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at intensive care unit admission (odds ratio, 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.48; P = .002) and the combined effect of prolactin levels with age (odds ratio, 1.018; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.031; P = .006) were associated with the development of delirium.ConclusionsHigh prolactin levels may be a risk factor for delirium in septic patients.Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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