• C Schyma, M Bittner, and P Placidi.
• Institut für Rechtsmedizin der Universität Bonn, Germany.
• Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1997 Dec 1;18(4):325-30.

AbstractExperimental gunshots were made with 9 x 19 mm (9-mm Luger) Frangible ammunition using skin, gelatin, and bones as targets. Direct gunshots penetrated 50 cm into gelatin blocks without mushrooming or fragmentation. Skull bone was easily perforated. Head models were penetrated by the bullets, which broke down to myriad fragments within or outside the head. Gunshots through windshields and steel plates led to dangerous bullet fragmentation with a high risk of injury. Gunshots perforating tibias produced comminuted fractures. In all soft tissues, except the direct gunshots into gelatin, high-resolution radiography revealed many metallic fragments along the bullet path. Clinical radiography can show the larger copper fragments, but the explosion-like distribution of metallic foreign bodies in soft tissue is a serious surgical problem.

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