• Bob Kiaii, Stephanie Fox, Stuart A Swinamer, Reiza Rayman, Jennifer Higgins, Andrew Cleland, Philip Fernandes, James MacDonald, Wojciech B Dobkowski, Larry W Stitt, Richard J Novick, Bhagirath Singh, Yves Bureau, and Kelly Summers.
• Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, University Hospital, Ivey Cardiac Centre, London, Ontario, Canada. bob.kiaii@lhsc.on.ca
• Innovations (Phila). 2012 Jan 1;7(1):23-32.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the early systemic inflammatory response of the Resting Heart System (RHS; Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN USA), a miniaturized cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) system, with two groups using a standard extracorporeal circulation system during on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery.MethodsA total of 60 consecutive patients requiring CABG were prospectively randomized to undergo on-pump CABG using conventional CPB without cardiotomy suction (group A), conventional CPB with cardiotomy suction (group B), or the RHS (group C). Blood samples were collected at five time points: immediately before CPB, 30 minutes into CPB, immediately at the end of CPB, 30 minutes post-CPB, and 1 hour post-CPB. Inflammation was analyzed by changes in (a) levels of plasma proteins, including inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 [IL-6], IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α), chemokines (IL-8, monokine induced by interferon-γ, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted, and interferon-inducible protein-10), and acute phase proteins (C-reactive protein and complement protein 3); (b) biochemical variables (cardiac troponin I, hematocrit, and immunoglobulin G); and (c) cell numbers (leukocytes, neutrophils, and thrombocytes).ResultsThe RHS showed more delayed secretion of the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-10, chemokines monokine induced by interferon-γ (P < 0.001); IL-8, and interferon-inducible protein-10; and complement protein 3 than conventional CPB systems did. Median thrombocyte numbers were higher in the RHS group. Levels of cardiac troponin I, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and IL-6 were lower in both the RHS and conventional CPB without suction than with suction. Levels of C-reactive protein and regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted, plus leukocyte and neutrophil numbers, were similar in all groups.ConclusionsThe Medtronic RHS may induce less systemic inflammation than conventional CPB systems, particularly when cardiotomy suction was used, but it did not result in improved clinical benefit.

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