• G Michael Downing, Mary Lesperance, Francis Lau, and Ju Yang.
• Department of Palliative Medicine, Victoria Hospice Society, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. michael.downing@viha.ca
• J Palliat Med. 2010 May 1;13(5):549-57.

BackgroundThis retrospective study analyzed sudden functional decline using the Palliative Performance Scale (PPSv2) for patients recently admitted to a palliative care unit (PCU) to determine if this adversely affects survival. There were 3328 patients in the cohort over a 13-year period admitted to a tertiary palliative care bed (71.1%) or a residential hospice bed (28.9%). Patient age ranged from 17-102 years old with 51.9% female and 48.1% male; the majority (88.3%) had a cancer diagnosis.ResultsGiven several limitations noted in the study, six preliminary findings emerged: (1) The lower the initial PPS at PCU admission, the higher the likelihood of an abrupt drop occurring shortly after admission; (2) An abrupt decline in function appears to be associated with smaller survival probabilities; (3) A greater increment change in PPS may be associated with shorter survival probabilities; (4) The lower the PPS on admission, the shorter the survival; (5) When dropping a specific increment amount, the new survival projection appears similar to the PPS level dropped to; and (6) Sudden or abrupt functional decline may be a sentinel event.ConclusionsThe data provide evidence that abrupt functional decline implies the likelihood of shorter survival in palliative care patients and may act as a sentinel marker. It is unclear whether these findings would be generalizable outside of a PCU. These results should be interpreted with caution as a prospective evaluation is needed to confirm the results. If substantiated, it may be that incorporating sudden functional decline into palliative prognostic models may increase their predictive accuracy.

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