• Pedro A Villablanca, Mohammed Makkiya, Evann Einsenberg, David F Briceno, Christia Panagiota, Mark Menegus, Mario Garcia, Daniel Sims, and Harish Ramakrishna.
• Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Arizona, USA.
• Ann Card Anaesth. 2016 Jan 1; 19 (1): 4-14.

AimsGuidelines recommend mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) for survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). However, there is little literature demonstrating a survival benefit. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of MTH in patients successfully resuscitated from OHCA.Materials And MethodsElectronic databases were searched for RCT involving MTH in survivors of OHCA, and the results were put through a meta-analysis. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality, and the secondary endpoint was favorable neurological function. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using the Mantel-Haenszel method. A fixed-effect model was used and, if heterogeneity (I2 ) was >40, effects were analyzed using a random model.ResultsSix RCT (n = 1400 patients) were included. Overall survival was 50.7%, and favorable neurological recovery was 45.5%. Pooled data demonstrated no significant all-cause mortality (OR, 0.81; 95% CI 0.55-1.21) or neurological recovery (OR, 0.77; 95% CI 0.47-1.24). No evidence of publication bias was observed.ConclusionThis meta-analysis demonstrated that MTH did not confer benefit on overall survival rate and neurological recovery in patients resuscitated from OHCA.

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