• Claudia M West, Marilyn J Dodd, Steven M Paul, Karen Schumacher, Debu Tripathy, Peter Koo, and Christine Miaskowski.
• School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
• Oncol Nurs Forum. 2003 Jan 1;30(1):65-73.

Purpose/ObjectivesTo describe the PRO-SELF(c): Pain Control Program, an educational approach that provides patients and family caregivers with the knowledge, skills, and nursing support needed to improve pain relief.Data SourcesPublished research studies, articles, and conference abstracts.Data SynthesisPatients with cancer and family caregivers lack knowledge about pain management and side effects. Engaging in self-care behaviors improves patients' health outcomes.ConclusionsThe PRO-SELF: Pain Control Program is an effective approach that can be used to help patients with cancer and their family caregivers obtain the knowledge and skills that are needed to manage pain. Three key strategies for delivering the PRO-SELF program are (a) provision of information using academic detailing, (b) skill building with ongoing nurse coaching, and (c) interactive nursing support.Implications For NursingAdequate pain relief is vital to decreasing cancer morbidity and improving patients' quality of life. The PRO-SELF: Pain Control Program should be implemented in all settings where cancer care takes place.

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