• Sébastien Jaillon, Federica Moalli, Bryndis Ragnarsdottir, Eduardo Bonavita, Manoj Puthia, Federica Riva, Elisa Barbati, Manuela Nebuloni, Lidija Cvetko Krajinovic, Alemka Markotic, Sonia Valentino, Andrea Doni, Silvia Tartari, Giorgio Graziani, Alessandro Montanelli, Yves Delneste, Catharina Svanborg, Cecilia Garlanda, and Alberto Mantovani.
• Humanitas Clinical Research Center, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milano), Italy. Electronic address: sebastien.jaillon@humanitasresearch.it.
• Immunity. 2014 Apr 17;40(4):621-32.

AbstractImmunity in the urinary tract has distinct and poorly understood pathophysiological characteristics and urinary tract infections (UTIs) are important causes of morbidity and mortality. We investigated the role of the soluble pattern recognition molecule pentraxin 3 (PTX3), a key component of the humoral arm of innate immunity, in UTIs. PTX3-deficient mice showed defective control of UTIs and exacerbated inflammation. Expression of PTX3 was induced in uroepithelial cells by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) in a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)- and MyD88-dependent manner. PTX3 enhanced UPEC phagocytosis and phagosome maturation by neutrophils. PTX3 was detected in urine of UTI patients and amounts correlated with disease severity. In cohorts of UTI-prone patients, PTX3 gene polymorphisms correlated with susceptibility to acute pyelonephritis and cystitis. These results suggest that PTX3 is an essential component of innate resistance against UTIs. Thus, the cellular and humoral arms of innate immunity exert complementary functions in mediating resistance against UTIs.Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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